Ознакомьтесь с образцом выполнения лабораторной работы: SAMPLE LABORATORY LESSON.

§ 80. Talking about your Family

1. Study the vocabulary.
2. Make up 5-6 situations with some of the phrases from the list above.
   Model:A friend of mine is completely obsessed with animals. She keeps three cats. When it comes to choosing between going out with friends and staying at home with her pets, her cats always come first. Honestly, I can’t understand this lack of interest in social relationships and a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle.
3. Prepare for a spelling dictation on the vocabulary of the unit.
4. Give a title to every paragraph of the text Dave’s family and retell the text.
5. Fill in the blanks with the right word ‘born’ / ‘birth’ / ‘birthday’.
6. What’s your place of_____? 2. When is your_____? 3. I was_____in Manchester. 4. She gave_____to a healthy boy. 5. Where was she_____? 6. I’ve lived there since … .
7. Ω Listen and read. Write out new words and phrases. Ask 6-8 questions about the texts.
   Alex: I’m very lucky with my family. We all get on with each other very well. My mother’s name is Brenda and my father’s name is John. My mother and I share the same birthday, April the fifth, so we are both Aries. I‘ve got two brothers and a sister. They are younger than me. Megan is fourteen and Paul and Michael are both sixteen. They all live in Dublin and my grandfather lives near them. He is my mother’s father and he is a great character. His name’s Shames and he is eighty-two this year. His wife, Mary, died last year. I’ve got an aunt, an uncle and three cousins in New York.

Sally: Hi my name is Sally and I come from the North of England, from Manchester, where I live with my dad, my mum and my brother. My mum’s name is Cathy and my dad is called John. My brother who was four years older than me is called David. My dad was** a teacher but now he is retired. My mum works with children with special needs, and my brother work in information technology with computers, he is twenty-five.

Andy: Like most Irish people I have a really big family, three brothers and one sister and I am right in the middle of my family. My sister is the youngest in my family; I would say she is quite spoiled. I have two older brothers who don’t live at home with my family; they live in another part of Ireland. I have one younger brother who I get on with very well with.

Kelly: I have a very big family through divorce and remarriage; and not only do I have a half brother and a half sister, and a whole sister, two step brothers; but I have a family across the world. I have an uncle, three cousins and an aunty in Italy about half an hour away from Venice and I have many uncles, aunties, grandparents, cousins in South Africa as my mother’s South-African. Yes, on my father’s side in England I have fifteen cousins, so, yes, it’s a lot of presents at Christmas.

6. Write an essay on the topic ‘What my Family Means to Me’ (no fewer than 200 words). You should mention the following: a) how close and warm your family is; b) how you feel about your relationship with your immediate famly mmbers; c) what you value most in a friendship?
7. Ω HW Int IV 5.9 Listen and write the useful vocabulary in your vocabulary list.
8. Ω Listen and retell it in the present tense.
   Baby
   My aunt just had a baby girl. We went to the hospital to visit my aunt and to see the new baby.
   My aunt was feeling fine, although she was just a bit tired. She walked with us to a big window that had lots of babies behind it. She pointed to a crib with a baby in it. The baby was wrapped in a pink blanket. We all said how pretty the baby looked. I couldn’t believe how tiny the baby was. She was asleep, so we couldn’t see her eyes.
   When the baby went home, we went to visit her. We heard the baby. She was crying. My aunt said that the baby was hungry. My aunt had a baby bottle full of warm milk. She fed the baby with it. The baby was happy after that. My aunt patted the baby on the back until the baby burped, and then the baby fell asleep.
   I held the baby. I looked at her tiny fingers and tiny toes. I was very careful with her. She opened her eyes and looked at me. I spoke to the baby, but I knew that she could not understand me. Babies have to learn to walk and talk. My aunt changed the baby. Babies wear diapers, so they need to be changed often. The baby has a lot of toys, but she is still too young to play with them. My aunt says that it won’t be long before the baby is crawling and trying to talk.
   Babies are cute. I have seen pictures of myself when I was a baby, and it’s hard to believe that I was once that small.
9. Retell the text using the following phrases.
   to have a baby girl/baby boy, a new baby; to go home from the hospital; to visit somebody to see the new baby; to point to something; a crib with a baby in it; to be wrapped in a blue blanket; to look pretty; to be tiny; to be asleep; to hear the baby crying; to be hungry; a baby bottle full of warm milk, to feed a baby with a bottle, to pat somebody (on the back), to fall asleep, to hold something/somebody; somebody’s fingers, toes; to be careful with somebody to fall asleep, to look at somebody, to speak to somebody, to crawl.
10. Write 8 wh- and yes/no questions in the present simple tense on the content of the text “Baby”.
11. Fill in the missing words.
12. Ann’s sister Emily … married … Tim Sand. 2. Most … my companions … fun-loving and kind. 3. The puppy was really tiny. It was hard to believe that my dog was once … small. 4. My sister-in law … fond … plants and animals. 5. My younger brother … eager … have a hamster, but my mother … against … . 6. We have no peace because … all our pets. 7. She was asleep, … we couldn’t see her eyes. 8. She couldn’t … how tiny the kitten was. 9. The mother patted her son … the back. 10. Our parrot Sam … a member … our family.
13. Ω HWI4 t. 6.8 Listen and write out a list of words and phrases on the topic ‘Family’ (no fewer than 12 phrases). Make sentences of your own with each of them.
14. Ω HWI4 t. 1.7 Listen to the dialogue and make your own multiple choice comprehension exercise (with no fewer than 6 questions). Write out a list of words and phrases on the topic ‘Family’. Make sentences of your own with each of them.
15. Read the text and entitle each paragraph. Retell the text.

British Family

The average British family has classically been understood as a nuclear family with their extended family living separately. However, today the archetypical family (husband, wife and children) can no longer be the exact social expectation. In the UK, one in three people is a step-parent, step-child, adult step-child, step-sibling or step-grandparent. According to the Office for National Statistics, more children are being raised in single parent households. Also, the number of unwed mothers has increased.

However, the family remains fundamentally important to individuals throughout their life. The unique personal relationships that family members share and the support they receive from one another is considered the main form of the value of family membership.

The preference for most British families is to have a small family unit. This allows mobility and relieves economic pressure over a parent’s lifetime. Government studies show that most problems facing British families relate to being financially stretched. Parents often make strategic choices about their children’s education to secure a good economic future for them. Children are encouraged to be independent and self-reliant at an early age. However, more adult children are living with their parents for economic reasons than ever before.

The average ages at which family life-events occur (e.g. marriage, children, retirement) are rising, as people are tending to wait until later in life to have children. This reflects the growing individualist orientation of both men and women – particularly of the middle class – to want to establish a career for themselves and travel before starting a family. Women tend to be much older when they have their first child than previous generations, the average age being 29. People are also working much later into life with the abolishment of a default retirement age. It is now common for people aged over 65 to remain in the British workforce for several more years.

Gender does not dictate a person’s role or duty in the family; women enjoy equal rights and the opportunity to choose their form of contribution to the household dynamic. However, due to a number of reasons, more women choose not to work full-time and prefer to be available to raise their children.

Marriage and Dating

British dating practices are similar to those of Australians. It is common for couples to meet through their social circles, workplaces or social hobbies. Online dating services are popular amongst several age groups.

Dates usually happen in contexts that allow for the couple to engage in enough conversation to get to know one another (for example, over a meal or drink). It is common for a British person to ‘date’ or get to know multiple people at once over a period of time without having an exclusive relationship with any of those people. If feelings develop for a particular person, they usually stop meeting new dates or seeing others. Instead they usually pursue that one person until he or she agrees to be in a committed relationship with them or indicates they are not interested.

While unmarried cohabitation and divorce have increased, British people remain committed and dedicated to partnership. Emphasis is placed on a couple’s intimate love for one another, rather than the social expectations of a marriage contract. The average British couple will be in a relationship for multiple years and live together before getting married. This varies significantly between individual circumstances and family backgrounds. The average age of first marriage is 33 for men and 30 for women.

Almost half of British marriages end in divorce. However, the institution of marriage is still dominant and highly valued. It is expected in society that any strong couple will want to ‘take that step’. Same-sex couples can also legally marry in England, Wales and Scotland. Nevertheless, some couples (both same-sex and straight) choose not to marry and remain in a de facto partnership whilst maintaining the same function and relationship as a married couple.

(https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/british-culture/british-culture-family)

15. Write 10 sentences for translation from Russian into English based on the text “British Family”.
16. Prepare an exercise for your fellow-students to practice the vocabulary of the text “British Family” (with no fewer than 10 sentences).
17. Prepare for a vocabulary dictation based on the words and phrases in bold from the text “British Family”.
18. Write a descriptive essay on the topic “Russian Family”.
19. Match the words and phrases with their definitions.
20. divorce
21. a huge rise
22. to support
23. childcare facilities
24. raising
25. a breadwinner
26. sharp (increase in number)
27. single mothers
28. lack
29. male role model
30. nurseries
31. dealing with
32. mixing with a) a very big increase/growth (opposite to fall/decrease/decline)
    b) special institutions whose job is to look after children while parents are working
    c) bringing up and educating
    d) person who earns the most money in their family
    e) big and happening over a short period of time
    f) when a marriage ends and the former husband and wife separate from one another
    g) women who raise their children by themselves because they live separately from the children’s fathers
    h) to provide with a home and the necessities of life
    i) if there is a lack of something, there is not enough of it
    j) a man who thinks and acts in the way that is traditionally perceived as being typical of men
    k) places equipped for looking after very young children
    l) managing, doing what is necessary to achieve the result you want
    socialising, living together with, joining
33. Use all the words and phrases from the previous exercise in sentences of your own (13 sentences).
34. Complete the table with English equivalents of the following Russian phrases using the prompts.
    Он самый замечательный человек, которого вы можете встретить. He is _ h _ _ _ c _ _ _ _ a _ you’ll _ v _ _ _ _ e . У неё великолепное чувство юмора. She has a _ _ a _ _ _ n _ _ of _ u _ _ _ . У неё доброе сердце. She _ s _ _ _ o _ _ _ r . Она открыта и дружелюбна. She is p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i _ _ _ _ _ .
    Он добрый и великодушный. He is _ _ n _ and _ _ _ _ _ o _ . Он очень добросердечный. He is _ r y _ _ r m — _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
    Какой характер (у твоей мамы)? What’s (your mother) _ _ k ? Она не боится высказать своё мнение She is not _ _ _ _ d to _ _ y _ h _ _ she is _ _ i _ _ _ _ _ .
    Это качество, которое меня в ней восхищает. It is a _ _ _ _ _ _ y I _ _ _ _ r _ _ _ _ u _ her _ e _ _ _ u _ _ .
    Как бы ты описал своего отца? How _ _ l _ you _ _ _ _ r _ _ _ your _ _ _ ?

Он просто хороший парень (человек) He is _ u _ _ a g _ _ _ _ _ . Он занимает много пространства (крупных размеров). He _ _ _ s _ _ a _ _ _ of _ _ _ _ e.
У него очень доброе сердце. He _ _ _ a v _ _ _ _ _ _ _ e _ _ _ .
Как бы ты описала её характер? How _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s _ _ _ _ _ her _ _ r s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ?
Моя сестра довольно похожа на моего отца. M _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is _ u _ _ _ _ _ m _ _ _ _ to _ _ _ _ . Она может рассмешить меня в любой момент. She _ _ _ _ k _ me _ _ u _ _ at any _ _ _ _ _ _ .
Я хохочу над её шутками. She _ r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
У неё великолепное чувство юмора. She’s _ _ _ a _ r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ u _ _ u . Так совпало, что да. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ y, yes.
У меня с мамой много общего в плане характера. _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ n I _ _ _ e a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
Мы вроде бы очень хорошо ладим, но иногда вдруг перестаём (понимать друг друга). _ _ _ _ t _ _ o_ _ _ _ _ y _ e _ _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ _ _ m e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ o _ ‘t.
Мы напоминаем друг другу самих себя. _ _ _ _ m _ _ _ _ _ c _ _ _ h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ .
Какие черты характера у вас общие? _ _ a _ _ r _ _ _ s _ _ you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m _ _ ? Мы обе часто говорим то, что думаем. _ _ _ _ h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ we’re _ _ _ _ _ _ . Быть искренним – хорошо. _ _ _ g _ _ _ _ _ o _ _ _ is _ _ _ . Это – хорошее качество. ’ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l _ _ . Это иногда может привести к конфликту. _ _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c . Кажется, вы поддерживаете правильный «баланс» во взаимоотношениях. _ _ _ u _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ v _ a _ _ c _ _ _ l _ _ _ _.

22. Translate the dialogue into English.

Interviewer: Линда, добрый день, рада тебя видеть. Давай начнём наше интервью. У тебя есть брат, Джон, не так ли?
L: Правильно.
I: Младший или старший?
L: Старший.
I: Давай поговорим о твоем брате. Как он выглядит? Можете его описать? Вы с ним похожи внешне?
L: Да, немного.
I: Тогда я думаю, он очень привлекательный, не так ли?
L: Хорошо, я, пожалуй, начну с описания его внешности. Да, он очень симпатичный. Он довольно высокого роста, спортивного телосложения. У него короткие волосы и он всегда ходит с модной стрижкой. У него загорелое лицо и приятная улыбка. Он немного близорук, но не носит очки, он носит контактные линзы.
I: Он носит бороду или усы?
L: Ни то и ни другое. (Neither.) Он всегда гладко выбрит.
I: А сколько ему лет?
L: Ему уже за тридцать, но он не выглядит на свой возраст, он выглядит намного моложе.
I: Какой стиль одежды он предпочитает?
L: O, одет он всегда с иголочки, никогда не бывает неряшливым, даже когда он дома.
I: Говорят, Джон одевается немного консервативно.
L: Возможно, но всегда выглядит опрятно и очень элегантно.
I: Как бы ты описала своего брата в плане его характера? Он добрый? Я о нем столько хорошего слышала.
L: Да, Джон — самый замечательный человек, которого вы когда либо встретите. Он очень добросердечный молодой человек.
I: Как бы ты описала характер своего брата в плане общения с другими людьми? Я слышала, он очень весёлый.
L: Да, это так. У него прекрасное чувство юмора и он, наверное, единственный человек на планете, который меня может рассмешить в любой момент. Он меня смешит до колик.
I: То есть, он такой типаж — весельчак, да? Всегда в добродушном настроении?
L: Ну, с одной стороны, да, он очень дружелюбен и великодушен, знаете, такой «отдающий» типаж. С другой стороны, он не боится говорить, что думает, он искренний, в этом он довольно сильно напоминает моего отца, и этим его качеством я очень восхищаюсь.
I: Да, быть искренним — это хорошее качество, но иногда может привести к конфликту.
L: Ты права. Не всем это всегда нравится. Но Джон находит разумный баланс и неплохо ладит со всеми. В общем, он просто хороший парень и я его очень люблю.

23. Use the correct prepositions, particles and articles.
24. “Let’s talk …. your family.” “OK, let me start … my brother. I’m hoping he doesn’t listen … this.” 2. He has … great sense … humor. 3. John is not afraid … say what she is thinking, which is … quality I admire … him very much. 4. My elder sister is … very interesting girl. 5. What … your cousin? 6. My nephew is probably … nicest boy you’ll ever meet. 7. “I met your husband and he’s … very big guy.” “He is. Which means he has … very big heart.” 8. My dad’s very tall and takes … a lot … space. 9. OK, now you have … twin-sister. What’s she …? 10. My sister is actually quite similar to my mum … that she has … very good heart. 11. My boyfriend’s got a great sense … humor. He is probably … only person on … planet who can make me laugh … any moment. He cracks me … . 12. Is your younger sistere similar … your father? 13. My friend and I have … lot … common … terms … our personality. 14. My mother-in-law and I get … very well and then sometimes we don’t. 15. What traits do you have … common? 16. It’s … good quality but it sometimes can lead … more conflict … you’re prepared … . 17. “It sounds … you have … nice balance.” “We do. But part … that probably comes … being sisters too.”
25. Practice translating the text orally from Russian into English.

Отец уходит на работу утром после завтрака. Двое детей отправляются на автобусе в школу, а мать остается дома готовить и убирать, пока отец и дети не вернутся домой вечером. Это традиционная картина счастливой семьи, живущей в Великобритании. Но верно ли это сегодня? Ответ — нет! За последние 20 лет произошли огромные изменения в жизни и структуре семей в Великобритании, и традиционная модель во многих случаях перестала быть верной.
Наибольшие изменения происходят в связи с разводами. В настоящее время два из каждых трех браков заканчиваются разводом, что приводит к ситуации, когда многие дети живут с одним родителем и видят другого только в выходные или праздничные дни.
Также наблюдается значительное увеличение числа работающих матерей. Большой рост разводов означает, что многие женщины вынуждены работать, чтобы поддерживать себя и своих детей. Даже когда развода нет, многим семьям для того, чтобы выжить нужно, чтобы работали оба родителя. Это привело к увеличению числа детских учреждений, хотя они очень дороги и во многих регионах их трудно найти. Кроме того, женщины больше не рады сидеть дома и воспитывать детей, многие есть работа, на которой они зарабатывающие столько же, сколько мужчины, традиционные добытчики, или даже больше.
Наблюдается также резкое увеличение числа матерей-одиночек, особенно среди подростков. Многие дети растут, не зная своих отцов, и некоторые считают, что отсутствие мужской модели для подражания оказывает разрушительное воздействие на их жизнь.
Однако эти изменения не имеют однозначно отрицательного воздействия. Для женщин теперь гораздо легче иметь работу и хорошую зарплату. Хотя работающей матерью быть трудно, это стало нормой, и больше не считается, что это плохо для детей. Что касается самих детей, некоторые утверждают, что современные дети растут более независимыми и зрелыми, чем в прошлом. С раннего возраста их отдают няне или в детский сад, поэтому они привыкают к общению с незнакомыми им людьми и с другими детьми.
Поэтому, несмотря на то, что традиционная модель семьи больше не актуальна для современной Британии, современная семья продолжает воспитывать счастливых, успешных детей.

25. Ω ExEx16 Listen to a radio programme: four speakers are talking about combining work and child care. Match Speakers 1-4 to statements A-H. There is one extra statement that can’t be matched to any of the speakers.

Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4 A. This speaker is working and raising her children by herself.
B. This speaker thnks her partner was unwilling to spend time with the kids which created distance between him and them.
C. This speaker’s family is one-income and has a modest budget.
D. This speaker had to move apart from her partner due to his heavy workloads.
E. This speaker regrets having children too early in her life.
F. This speaker accepted a lower salary so she could be in a better position at a smaller company.
G. This speaker felt very unhappy when she had to leave her job after having a baby.
H. This speaker believes family to be much more important than career.

26. Read the news. Make a list of useful vocabulary from the text and retell it.
    https://nypost.com/2018/03/25/family-finally-has-a-baby-boy-after-five-generations-of-girls/
27. Prepare for a vocabulary dictation-translation — practice the following vocabuary exercise based on the texts from ‘What does your family mean to you?’ online:
    https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.flippity.net/fc.asp?k%3D1hfCWP6mWZwt6SwdOiGBLwuJdj2PROrMQ3pH47DGIEEw&sa=D&ust=1532163155810000&usg=AFQjCNFrgAPPFRNxZtXadEwyWYUXdVn8oQ
28. Write an essay “Family Patterns in Modern Russia” (you should write no fewer than 250 words). Use the vocabulary from the texts under study.